Largest Combined Statistical Areas by Diversity Index, 2024:

[dimondpark]

I wanted to look at Metro Areas, but decided to first look at CSAs with 4,000,000+ Population in 2024.

This is calculated using Simpson's Diversity Index.

CSAs by probability that any two individuals chosen at random from the population belong to different racial or ethnic groups:
73.4%---San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland
71.1%---Houston-Pasadena
70.9%---New York-Newark
70.4%---Dallas-Ft Worth
69.7%---Washington-Baltimore-Arlington
68.6%---Atlanta-Athens-Sandy Springs
67.2%---Miami-Port St Lucie-Ft Lauderdale
66.9%---Los Angeles-Long Beach
66.5%---Chicago-Naperville
66.2%---Orlando-Lakeland-Deltona
63.0%---Phoenix-Mesa
61.3%---Philadelphia-Reading-Camden
61.3%---Seattle-Tacoma
53.8%---Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor
51.8%---Boston-Worcester-Providence
47.3%---Minneapolis-St Paul

Atlanta-Athens-Sandy Springs: 68.6%
44.3%--3,252,228---White
30.6%--2,243,827---Black
13.3%--976,153-----Hispanic
6.5%---477,485-----Asian
4.5%---326,575-----Multiracial
0.6%----47,085-----Other
0.1%-----8,893-----Native American
0.1%-----4,196-----Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Boston-Worcester-Providence: 51.8%
67.3%--5,720,502---White
13.1%--1,114,922---Hispanic
7.0%---593,104-----Asian
5.6%---478,451-----Black
5.6%---474,464-----Multiracial
1.2%---103,787-----Other
0.1%---6,876-------Native American
0.0%---1,728-------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Chicago-Naperville: 66.5%
49.8%--4,954,238---White
24.0%--2,387,538---Hispanic
14.7%--1,464,457---Black
7.4%---734,923-----Asian
3.6%---353,458-----Multiracial
0.3%---32,111------Other
0.1%---9,922-------Native American
0.0%---2,195-------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Dallas-Ft Worth: 70.4%
42.0%--3,743,254---White
29.5%--2,624,917---Hispanic
15.4%--1,373,818---Black
8.7%---773,197-----Asian
3.7%---326,285-----Multiracial
0.5%---43,218------Other
0.2%---21,266------Native American
0.0%---3,963-------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor: 53.8%
64.6%--3,507,784---White
19.2%--1,043,543---Black
5.5%---300,187-----Hispanic
5.4%---292,014-----Asian
4.7%---254,566-----Multiracial
0.4%---20,727------Other
0.2%---8,681-------Native American
0.1%---3,021-------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Houston-Pasadena: 71.1%
38.9%--3,111,203---Hispanic
31.7%--2,534,480---White
17.0%--1,358,364---Black
8.4%---675,243-----Asian
3.3%---265,229-----Multiracial
0.5%---38,714------Other
0.1%---9,109-------Native American
0.0%---3,798-------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Los Angeles-Long Beach:
47.6%--8,801,667--Hispanic
27.5%--5,088,588--White
14.3%--2,642,567--Asian
5.9%---1,084,018--Black
3.2%---584,943----Multiracial
0.6%---115,148----Other
0.2%---44,997-----Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.2%---36,361-----Native American

Miami-Port St Lucie-Ft Lauderdale: 67.2%
44.8%--3,277,991--Hispanic
30.4%--2,224,201--White
18.1%--1,320,553--Black
3.3%---237,616----Multiracial
2.5%---180,800----Asian
0.8%---59,328-----Other
0.1%---8,194------Native American
0.0%---1,552------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Minneapolis-St Paul: 47.3%
71.2%--2,957,788--White
9.5%---395,729----Black
7.1%---294,263----Hispanic
6.6%---274,841----Asian
4.8%---198,782----Multiracial
0.4%---18,570-----Other
0.3%---14,054-----Native American
0.0%---1,541------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

New York-Newark: 70.9%
43.4%--9,706,592--White
25.8%--5,769,506--Hispanic
14.2%--3,177,038--Black
11.7%--2,615,106--Asian
3.6%---808,505----Multiracial
1.1%---235,554----Other
0.1%---24,589-----Native American
0.0%---5,734------Native Hawaiian-Pac. Islander

Orlando-Lakeland-Deltona: 66.2%
47.2%--2,210,578--White
30.4%--1,426,993--Hispanic
13.8%--645,606----Black
4.0%---186,632----Multiracial
3.7%---175,243----Asian
0.8%---35,459-----Other
0.1%---3,597------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.1%---3,492------Native American

Philadelphia-Reading-Camden: 61.3%
57.5%--4,307,834--White
18.2%--1,362,090--Black
13.1%--981,681----Hispanic
6.4%---480,142----Asian
4.1%---309,553----Multiracial
0.5%---41,083-----Other
0.1%---5,811------Native American
0.0%---2,702------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Phoenix-Mesa: 63.0%
51.2%--2,684,729--White
31.7%--1,659,925--Hispanic
5.4%---281,556----Black
5.0%---264,501----Multiracial
4.6%---241,100----Asian
1.5%---76,842-----Native American
0.5%---24,522-----Other
0.1%---7,858------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland: 73.4%
31.5%--2,884,238---White
29.8%--2,730,561---Hispanic
26.9%--2,463,883---Asian
5.3%---489,838-----Multiracial
5.1%---469,115-----Black
0.7%---60,687------Other
0.5%---48,775------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.2%---16,961------Native American

Seattle-Tacoma: 61.3%
57.7%--2,946,860--White
15.1%--769,823----Asian
12.2%--621,101----Hispanic
6.5%---333,559----Multiracial
5.4%---273,509----Black
0.9%---44,002-----Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.6%---29,474-----Other
0.5%---27,177-----Native American

Washington-Baltimore-Arlington: 69.7%
46.2%--4,735,229---White
23.7%--2,430,712---Black
15.0%--1,538,777---Hispanic
5.1%---521,701-----Multiracial
9.0%---919,739-----Asian
0.7%---72,699------Other
0.2%---15,889------Native American
0.0%---4,217-------Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

I entered values but not the names of the geographic areas, and then afterwards, I posted the entire list and this was Gemini's response:

It all clicks now—you were looking at the US Census Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs) for the nation's major metropolitan regions!

Seeing them ranked like this paints a fascinating picture of urban macroeconomics and changing demographics across the country. The data perfectly illustrates how different economic engines pull in different populations:

The Top Tier (70%+): The San Francisco Bay Area leading at 73.4% perfectly reflects its position as a global tech gateway, drawing massive international and domestic migration. Texas metros (Houston and Dallas) follow right behind, driven by booming, wide-open job markets and massive internal shifts. New York, as expected, remains a premier global melting pot.

The "Three-Way" Balance (66%–69%): Metros like Washington D.C., Atlanta, Miami, LA, and Chicago score highly because they typically feature huge, deeply rooted multi-ethnic populations (often split evenly between three major groups, such as White, Black, and Hispanic populations, or White, Hispanic, and Asian populations in LA's case).

The Majority-Weighted Metros (Sub-60%): Regions like Detroit, Boston, and Minneapolis score lower on the index because a single demographic group still maintains a clear, significant majority (64% to 71%+) of the total regional population, making a random two-person match less likely to yield different backgrounds.

It is an incredibly clean way to visualize the shifting human geography of the country's economic powerhouses.

[Docere]

East and Southeast Asia and the Indian Subcontinent - home to 55% of the world's population - are all lumped together as "Asians."

A Korean-Pakistani interaction counts for less than an Italian American interacting with an Argentinian immigrant. Because the Korean and the Pakistani belong to the same "ethnic group" - right?

[mhays]

Yes, each major category represents many different cultures.

But it's still fascinating to see how cities do with the major categories. I love stuff like this.

[BnaBreaker]

The fact that the Orlando CSA is that large is just completely unfathomable to me. If it weren't for the constant bumper to bumper traffic you'd think you were in a metro of like 800K... central Florida is truly an endless swamp of soulless sprawl.

[dimondpark]

I think Urban Area(UA) is the best geographic measurement for this statistic because it counts places where you are likely to interact with people.

This is the list for Urban Areas(UA) with 1,000,000+ Population in 2024.

Urban Areas(UA) by probability that any two individuals chosen at random from the population belong to different racial or ethnic groups, 2024:
74.9%--Washington-Arlington
74.4%--San Francisco-Oakland
73.2%--Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise
72.2%--Dallas-Ft Worth
72.2%--New York-Jersey City-Newark
72.2%--Sacramento
71.1%--Atlanta
71.1%--Houston
70.5%--Orlando
68.8%--Chicago
68.8%--San Diego
68.7%--San Jose
68.5%--Charlotte
68.2%--Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim
67.7%--Baltimore
66.9%--Austin
66.6%--Seattle-Tacoma
66.2%--Miami-Ft Lauderdale
65.9%--Virginia Beach-Norfolk
65.0%--Oklahoma City
65.0%--Richmond
64.5%--Jacksonville
63.8%--Raleigh
62.8%--Philadelphia
62.0%--Tampa-St Petersburg
61.9%--Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale
61.5%--Memphis
61.3%--Milwaukee
60.3%--Columbus
59.6%--Denver-Aurora
59.3%--Boston
59.0%--Nashville
58.8%--Detroit
58.5%--Riverside-San Bernardino
57.8%--Indianapolis
57.8%--San Antonio
56.0%--Kansas City
55.0%--Portland
54.7%--Minneapolis
54.6%--Cleveland
53.6%--Salt Lake City
53.0%--St Louis
51.8%--Providence
47.7%--Cincinnati
37,3%--Pittsburgh

Atlanta, GA: 71.1%
36.3%--Black
35.8%--White
14.1%--Hispanic
8.2%---Asian
4.6%---Multiracial
0.7%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Austin, TX: 66.9%
46.4%--White
31.3%--Hispanic
10.0%--Asian
7.3%---Black
4.5%---Multiracial
0.4%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Baltimore, MD: 67.7%
43.8%--White
33.8%--Black
9.6%---Hispanic
7.1%---Asian
4.8%---Multiracial
0.7%---Other
0.1%---American Indian
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Boston, MA-NH: 59.3%
60.5%--White
14.6%--Hispanic
10.0%--Asian
7.4%---Black
6.1%---Multiracial
1.3%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Charlotte, NC-SC: 68.5%
46.8%--White
25.1%--Black
16.6%--Hispanic
6.2%---Asian
4.3%---Multiracial
0.8%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Chicago, IL-IN: 68.8%
46.2%--White
25.4%--Hispanic
16.3%--Black
8.1%---Asian
3.5%---Multiracial
0.3%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Cincinnati, OH-KY: 47.7%
70.3%--White
14.6%--Black
5.6%---Hispanic
5.2%---Multiracial
3.6%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.0%---Native American

Cleveland, OH: 54.6%
63.0%--White
22.3%--Black
6.7%---Hispanic
4.1%---Multiracial
3.5%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Columbus, OH: 60.3%
58.5%--White
20.1%--Black
7.4%---Hispanic
6.8%---Asian
6.3%---Multiracial
0.6%---Other
0.3%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Dallas-Ft Worth, TX: 72.2%
34.7%--White
33.6%--Hispanic
18.8%--Black
8.8%---Asian
3.5%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Denver-Aurora, CO: 59.6%
57.1%--White
26.4%--Hispanic
6.1%---Black
4.8%---Asian
4.7%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.3%---Native American
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Detroit, MI: 58.8%
58.7%--White
24.0%--Black
6.4%--Asian
5.8%---Hispanic
4.6%---Multiracial
0.4%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Houston, TX: 71.1%
41.3%--Hispanic
26.8%--White
18.8%--Black
9.9%---Asian
3.2%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Indianapolis, IN: 57.8%
61.3%--White
17.4%--Black
10.5%--Hispanic
5.2%---Multiracial
4.8%---Asian
0.6%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Jacksonville, FL: 64.5%
52.8%--White
23.3%--Black
12.9%--Hispanic
5.4%---Multiracial
4.9%---Asian
0.6%---Other
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.0%---Native American

Kansas City, MO-KS: 56.0%
63.1%--White
13.7%--Black
13.7%--Hispanic
5.1%---Multiracial
3.8%---Asian
0.3%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV:73.2%
35.5%--White
33.4%--Hispanic
11.7%--Black
11.0%--Asian
6.4%---Multiracial
0.8%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.8%---Other
0.3%---Native American

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA: 68.2%
46.9%--Hispanic
25.0%--White
17.6%--Asian
6.0%---Black
3.5%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.2%---Native American

Memphis, TN-MS-AR: 61.5%
51.5%--Black
33.2%--White
9.1%---Hispanic
3.0%---Multiracial
2.5%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Miami-Ft Lauderdale, FL: 66.2%
48.1%--Hispanic
26.6%--White
18.5%--Black
3.2%---Multiracial
2.6%---Asian
0.8%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Milwaukee, WI: 61.3%
57.3%--White
18.3%--Black
14.3%--Hispanic
4.9%---Asian
4.5%---Multiracial
0.3%---Native American
0.3%---Other
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Minneapolis-St Paul, MN: 54.7%
64.9%--White
12.3%--Black
8.6%---Asian
8.1%---Hispanic
5.3%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.3%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Nashville, TN: 59.0%
59.7%--White
18.1%--Black
13.0%--Hispanic
4.5%---Multiracial
4.2%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.0%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

New York-Jersey City-Newark, NY-NJ: 72.2%
40.8%--White
26.6%--Hispanic
15.1%--Black
12.8%--Asian
3.5%---Multiracial
1.1%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Oklahoma City, OK: 65.0%
53.7%--White
19.9%--Hispanic
11.9%--Black
7.8%---Multiracial
4.1%---Asian
2.0%---Native American
0.5%---Other
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Orlando, FL: 70.5%
40.7%--White
30.6%--Hispanic
17.5%--Black
5.6%---Asian
4.4%---Multiracial
1.0%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Philadelphia, PA-NJ-DE-MD: 62.8%
55.6%--White
20.5%--Black
11.8%--Hispanic
7.3%---Asian
4.1%---Multiracial
0.6%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ: 61.9%
53.4%--White
29.7%--Hispanic
5.1%---Asian
5.1%---Black
5.0%---Multiracial
1.1%---Native American
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Pittsburgh, PA: 37.3%
78.3%--White
9.7%---Black
4.5%---Multiracial
3.7%---Asian
3.1%---Hispanic
0.6%---Other
0.0%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Portland, OR-WA: 55.0%
64.3%--White
15.1%--Hispanic
8.8%---Asian
7.0%---Multiracial
3.4%---Black
0.7%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.4%---Other
0.3%---Native American

Providence, RI-MA: 51.8%
66.6%--White
17.4%--Hispanic
5.7%---Multiracial
5.4%---Black
3.8%---Asian
1.0%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Raleigh, NC: 63.8%
55.1%--White
18.1%--Black
11.8%--Hispanic
9.4%---Asian
5.0%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Richmond, VA: 65.0%
50.0%--White
29.0%--Black
10.1%--Hispanic
5.2%---Asian
5.1%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.1%---Native American

Riverside-San Bernardino, CA: 58.5%
60.2%--Hispanic
19.5%--White
9.1%---Asian
7.0%---Black
3.0%---Multiracial
0.7%---Other
0.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.2%---Native American

Sacramento, CA: 72.2%
43.0%--White
22.7%--Hispanic
17.4%--Asian
7.6%---Black
7.4%---Multiracial
0.9%---Native Hawaiian-Pac. Islander
0.7%---Other
0.2%---Native American

St Louis, MO: 53.0%
64.8%--White
21.1%--Black
4.7%---Hispanic
4.7%---Multiracial
4.0%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Salt Lake City, UT: 53.6%
64.0%--White
22.0%--Hispanic
5.2%---Multiracial
4.7%---Asian
1.8%---Black
1.5%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.5%--Other
0.4%---Native American

San Antonio, TX: 58.7%
58.8%--Hispanic
26.1%--White
8.0%---Black
3.5%---Asian
3.0%---Multiracial
0.3%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

San Diego, CA: 68.8%
40.4%--White
35.5%--Hispanic
13.2%--Asian
5.5%---Multiracial
4.4%---Black
0.5%---Other
0.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.2%---Native American

San Francisco-Oakland, CA: 74.4%
30.9%--Asian
30.9%--White
23.9%--Hispanic
6.7%---Black
6.0%---Multiracial
0.8%---Other
0.7%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.1%---Native American

San Jose, CA: 68.7%
43.5%--Asian
25.9%--White
23.3%--Hispanic
3.9%---Multiracial
2.1%---Black
0.7%---Other
0.4%---Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
0.2%---Native American

Seattle-Tacoma, WA: 66.6%
52.2%--White
18.9%--Asian
12.4%--Hispanic
7.8%---Multiracial
6.6%---Black
1.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.5%---Other
0.4%---Native American

Tampa-St Petersburg, FL: 62.0%
55.4%--White
23.5%--Hispanic
11.8%--Black
4.3%---Asian
4.3%---Multiracial
0.6%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Virginia Beach-Norfolk, VA: 65.9%
47.8%--White
31.2%--Black
9.4%---Hispanic
6.4%---Multiracial
4.4%---Asian
0.6%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Washington-Arlington, DC-VA-MD: 74.9%
35.7%--White
25.2%--Black
20.3%--Hispanic
12.8%--Asian
5.0%---Multiracial
0.8%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

This is Gemini's analysis:

When you rank these metro areas strictly by the Simpson’s Index of Diversity, several striking geographical, economic, and structural trends jump out.

1. The Power of the "Four-Way Split" (The Top Tier)
The metros pushing past 72% (D.C., San Francisco, Las Vegas, Dallas, New York, Sacramento) are all characterized by a lack of a clear single majority. Instead, their populations are split relatively evenly among four massive groups: White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian residents. Sacramento and Las Vegas are fantastic examples of this. They aren't always the first cities people think of for international global hubs, but because their suburban and urban grids are remarkably balanced across White, Hispanic, Asian, and Black populations, they score higher than much larger gatekeeper cities.

2. Pluralities vs. Hyper-Diversity (The LA and Miami Paradox):
One of the most interesting mathematical quirks on your list is where Los Angeles (68.2%) and Miami (66.2%) land. Sociologically, these are famously multicultural, vibrant hubs. However, mathematically, they sit slightly lower on the index because they are dominated by a massive single plurality:Miami is nearly half Hispanic ($48.1\%$).Los Angeles is historically heavily Hispanic/Latino in its wider metropolitan footprint.Because one group holds such a massive share of the pie, the chance of picking two people from different groups naturally drops, dragging the index down despite the massive international character of the cities.

3. The Mid-Tier Divide:
Multi-Ethnic vs. Bi-RacialMetros ranking between 58% and 64% generally fall into two distinct buckets:The Rust Belt/Southern Bi-Racial Spilt: Cities like Memphis (61.5%), Detroit (58.8%), and Milwaukee (61.3%) are deeply diverse but are historically structured as a primary split between Black and White populations, with smaller Hispanic or Asian footprints. This keeps their diversity index firmly in the low 60s/high 50s.The Emerging Sunbelt Tech Hubs: Places like Raleigh (63.8%) and Phoenix (61.9%) are climbing up the list, fueled by white-collar migration, a surging tech/education sector, and rapidly growing Asian or Hispanic communities breaking up historically binary demographic lines.

4. The Majority White Metros (The Baseline)
As you move into the mid-50s and below, you find regions like Portland (55.0%), Minneapolis (54.7%), and Salt Lake City (53.6%). These are economically dynamic tech and lifestyle hubs, but their historical settlement patterns mean they remain predominantly White.Pittsburgh (37.3%) sits as the extreme anchor on this list. Because it retained an overwhelming $78\%+$ White majority through the late 20th century without the massive international immigration influxes seen by the coastal ports, it remains a mathematical outlier.

The Big Picture Takeaway
This list shows that a high diversity index doesn't just mean "fewer White residents." It specifically rewards demographic equilibrium. The closer a city gets to being a true mosaic where no single identity holds the microphone, the higher it climbs toward that 75% peak.

I found this compilation very intersting.

[The North One]

Detroit and Boston are whiter than Seattle? That's wild.

But then again, Arabs are considered white in the census so not exactly.

[Crawford]

It's a useful comparison, but not great. Diversity is a lot more than even distribution of Census racial identification. An area could be all white but quite diverse if a large contingent of Hasidic Jews, many white immigrants, a large gay community, lots of elderly and kids, rich and poor, etc. That would likely be more "diverse" than a neighborhood where socioeconomically similar homeowning whites, blacks and Asians, all middle-class professional families with kids, lived together.

[wwmiv]

Originally Posted by Crawford

It's a useful comparison, but not great. Diversity is a lot more than even distribution of Census racial identification. An area could be all white but quite diverse if a large contingent of Hasidic Jews, many white immigrants, a large gay community, lots of elderly and kids, rich and poor, etc. That would likely be more "diverse" than a neighborhood where socioeconomically similar homeowning whites, blacks and Asians, all middle-class professional families with kids, lived together.

“Asian” also masks a huge racial divide, where both South/West Asian and East Asian are classified as a single racial entity when not a single human alive actually considers them so, including the relevant groups themselves.

[dimondpark]

Yes, the fact that this data could be more in depth has been debated ad nauseum online for years, however, this is the data that we have, and most diversity 'rankings' use this formula and only include the 4 largest groups, here I included all 8. I am curious though, what do people think the ranking should be?

[dimondpark]

So I created a scale based on the similar responses of 4 AI platforms, not scientific but I'll take it.

Diversity Scale:
80.00%+---------Exceptional Diversity
75.00%-79.99%---Extremely High Diversity
70.00%-74.99%---Very High Diversity
65.00%-69.99%---High Diversity
60.00%-64.99%---Moderately High Diversity
55.00%-59.99%---Moderate Diversity
50.00%-54.99%---Moderately Low Diversity
40.00%-49.99%---Low Diversity
Below 40.00%----Very Low Diversity

Here are the 50 Largest Cities Proper

Largest Cities by probability that any two individuals chosen at random from the population belong to different racial or ethnic groups, 2024:
77.36%--Oakland, CA
76.83%--Sacramento, CA
75.89%--New York, NY
73.13%--Arlington, TX
73.08%--Chicago, IL
71.63%--Charlotte, NC
71.53%--Philadelphia, PA
71.47%--Boston, MA
71.33%--Long Beach, CA
71.27%--Milwaukee, WI
71.16%--San Francisco, CA
70.90%--Ft Worth, TX
70.69%--San Diego, CA
70.68%--Las Vegas, NV
69.63%--Tampa, FL
69.13%--San Jose, CA
69.00%--Houston, TX
68.70%--Tulsa, OK
68.61%--Dallas, TX
68.32%--Jacksonville, FL
68.29%--Washington, DC
68.02%--Oklahoma City, OK
67.74%--Indianapolis, IN
67.68%--Los Angeles, CA
67.41%--Austin, TX
66.88%--Columbus, OH
65.76%--Atlanta, GA
65.58%--Raleigh, NC
65.18%--Phoenix, AZ
64.34%--Fresno, CA
64.28%--Nashville, TN
64.07%--Kansas City, MO
63.55%--Tucson, AZ
63.02%--Albuquerque, NM
62.47%--Seattle, WA
62.42%--Denver, CO
62.24%--Minneapolis, MN
61.29%--Louisville, KY
61.27%--Virginia Beach, VA
59.87%--Bakersfield, CA
59.44%--Baltimore, MD
57.50%--Mesa, AZ
56.76%--Omaha, NE
55.61%--Memphis, TN
55.08%--Colorado Springs, CO
54.55%--Portland, OR
52.05%--San Antonio, TX
45.90%--Miami, FL
44.13%--Detroit, MI
32.04%--El Paso, TX


Mesa, AZ:
58.3%--White
28.4%--Hispanic
4.8%---Multiracial
3.2%---Asian
2.8%---Black
1.6%---Native American
0.8%---Other
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Phoenix, AZ:
42.7%--Hispanic
39.6%--White
7.2%---Black
4.6%---Asian
4.0%---Multiracial
1.2%---Native American
0.5%---Other
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Tucson, AZ:
43.4%--Hispanic
41.2%--White
5.5%---Black
4.6%---Multiracial
3.3%---Asian
1.4%---Native American
0.4%---Other
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Bakersfield, CA:
57.9%--Hispanic
23.2%--White
8.4%---Asian
6.6%---Black
2.7%---Multiracial
0.7%---Other
0.3%---Native American
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Fresno, CA:
53.0%--Hispanic
22.6%--White
13.5%--Asian
6.9%---Black
3.0%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.3%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Long Beach, CA:
44.1%--Hispanic
24.2%--White
12.3%--Asian
12.1%--Black
5.7%---Multiracial
0.7%---Other
0.5%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.3%---Native American

Los Angeles, CA:
47.2%--Hispanic
27.8%--White
12.1%--Asian
7.9%---Black
4.0%---Multiracial
0.6%---Other
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.1%---Native American

Oakland, CA:
29.1%--Hispanic
27.9%--White
18.1%--Black
16.4%--Asian
6.7%---Multiracial
1.2%---Other
0.6%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.1%---Native American

Sacramento, CA:
29.3%--Hispanic
27.8%--White
22.2%--Asian
12.1%--Black
6.7%---Multiracial
1.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American

San Diego, CA:
40.5%--White
30.5%--Hispanic
17.4%--Asian
5.5%---Multiracial
5.2%---Black
0.5%---Other
0.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.1%---Native American

San Francisco, CA:
36.3%--White
35.1%--Asian
16.8%--Hispanic
5.9%---Multiracial
4.7%---Black
0.8%---Other
0.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.2%---Native American

San Jose, CA:
41.8%--Asian
30.0%--Hispanic
20.6%--White
3.4%---Multiracial
3.0%---Black
0.7%---Other
0.4%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.2%---Native American

Colorado Springs, CO:
62.9%--White
21.1%--Hispanic
6.4%---Multiracial
5.6%---Black
2.9%---Asian
0.6%---Other
0.3%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Denver, CO:
53.3%--White
28.3%--Hispanic
8.9%---Black
4.8%---Multiracial
3.7%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.3%---Native American
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Washington, DC:
40.7%--Black
36.2%--White
12.8%--Hispanic
4.9%---Asian
4.7%---Multiracial
0.7%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Jacksonville, FL:
45.6%--White
28.8%--Black
13.9%--Hispanic
5.8%---Multiracial
5.1%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Miami, FL:
71.5%--Hispanic
13.3%--White
10.0%--Black
2.4%---Multiracial
1.8%---Asian
0.8%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Tampa, FL:
44.3%--White
25.6%--Hispanic
19.3%--Black
5.3%---Asian
4.2%---Multiracial
1.1%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Atlanta, GA:
43.4%--Black
37.8%--White
7.1%---Hispanic
5.5%---Asian
5.5%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Chicago, IL:
32.2%--White
30.2%--Hispanic
25.8%--Black
7.8%---Asian
3.4%---Multiracial
0.4%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Indianapolis, IN:
47.4%--White
26.6%--Black
14.6%--Hispanic
6.4%---Multiracial
4.1%---Asian
0.6%---Other
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.1%---Native American

Louisville, KY:
57.2%--White
20.5%--Black
10.7%--Hispanic
7.0%---Multiracial
3.9%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Baltimore, MD:
57.3%--Black
26.0%--White
8.8%---Hispanic
4.4%---Multiracial
2.8%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Boston, MA:
44.1%--White
20.0%--Hispanic
18.0%--Black
10.6%--Asian
6.1%---Multiracial
0.4%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Detroit, MI:
73.2%--Black
11.8%--White
9.2%---Hispanic
3.6%---Multiracial
1.8%---Asian
0.4%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Minneapolis, MN:
56.2%--White
21.4%--Black
9.5%---Hispanic
6.7%---Multiracial
4.9%---Asian
0.7%---Other
0.6%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Kansas City, MO:
52.7%--White
24.4%--Black
13.4%--Hispanic
5.6%---Multiracial
3.1%---Asian
0.4%---Other
0.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.1%---Native American

Omaha, NE:
62.2%--White
17.0%--Hispanic
11.5%--Black
4.3%---Asian
4.2%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Las Vegas, NV:
38.4%--White
35.1%--Hispanic
11.3%--Black
7.1%---Asian
6.8%---Multiracial
0.8%---Other
0.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.2%---Native American

Albuquerque, NM:
47.9%--Hispanic
36.0%--White
4.0%---Multiracial
3.9%---Asian
3.7%---Native American
3.3%---Black
0.5%---Other
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

New York, NY:
30.7%--White
28.7%--Hispanic
20.0%--Black
15.1%--Asian
3.9%---Multiracial
1.4%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Charlotte, NC:
37.3%--White
32.3%--Black
18.4%--Hispanic
6.7%---Asian
4.3%---Multiracial
0.8%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Raleigh, NC:
50.9%--White
24.9%--Black
13.0%--Hispanic
5.4%---Asian
5.1%---Multiracial
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Columbus, OH:
48.9%--White
27.3%--Black
9.7%---Hispanic
6.7%---Multiracial
6.5%---Asian
0.6%---Other
0.4%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Oklahoma City, OK:
49.2%--White
22.9%--Hispanic
12.9%--Black
7.5%---Multiracial
5.1%---Asian
2.0%---Native American
0.4%---Other
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Tulsa, OK:
49.1%--White
20.8%--Hispanic
13.1%--Black
9.6%---Multiracial
3.4%---Asian
3.3%---Native American
0.4%---Other
0.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Portland, OR:
65.0%--White
13.3%--Hispanic
7.8%---Asian
7.7%---Multiracial
4.7%---Black
0.8%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.5%---Other
0.2%---Native American

Philadelphia, PA:
37.7%--Black
32.8%--White
16.4%--Hispanic
8.3%---Asian
4.2%---Multiracial
0.6%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Memphis, TN:
61.6%--Black
23.2%--White
10.2%--Hispanic
2.9%---Multiracial
1.5%---Asian
0.5%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Nashville, TN:
52.2%--White
24.2%--Black
14.8%--Hispanic
4.5%---Multiracial
3.8%---Asian
0.4%---Other
0.0%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Arlington, TX:
33.3%--Hispanic
30.9%--White
23.4%--Black
8.1%---Asian
3.9%---Multiracial
0.4%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Austin, TX:
45.2%--White
32.1%--Hispanic
10.7%--Asian
7.4%---Black
4.0%---Multiracial
0.4%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Dallas, TX:
43.8%--Hispanic
26.5%--White
22.5%--Black
4.1%---Asian
2.7%---Multiracial
0.4%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

El Paso, TX:
81.4%--Hispanic
11.9%--White
3.3%---Black
1.5%---Multiracial
1.3%---Asian
0.2%---Other
0.2%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander
0.1%---Native American

Ft Worth, TX:
35.7%--White
35.2%--Hispanic
18.9%--Black
5.3%---Asian
4.0%---Multiracial
0.7%---Other
0.2%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Houston, TX:
45.5%--Hispanic
22.1%--White
22.0%--Black
7.0%---Asian
2.8%---Multiracial
0.4%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

San Antonio, TX:
65.1%--Hispanic
22.6%--White
6.4%---Black
3.0%---Asian
2.5%---Multiracial
0.3%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.1%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Virginia Beach, VA:
58.1%--White
17.6%--Black
9.4%---Hispanic
7.3%---Multiracial
6.7%---Asian
0.8%---Other
0.1%---Native American
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Seattle, WA:
56.9%--White
17.8%--Asian
9.1%---Hispanic
8.4%---Multiracial
6.7%---Black
0.5%---Other
0.3%---Native American
0.3%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

Milwaukee, WI:
37.2%--Black
31.6%--White
21.1%--Hispanic
5.1%---Asian
4.4%---Multiracial
0.3%---Native American
0.3%---Other
0.0%---Native Hawaiian/Pac. Islander

[dimondpark]

ok, so I am on the search for 80%+

Diversity Scale:
80.00%+---------Exceptional Diversity
75.00%-79.99%---Extremely High Diversity
78.48%--Tukwila, WA
78.33%--Euless, TX
78.20%--Suisun City, CA
78.06%--Sea-Tac, WA
77.43%--Rodeo, CA
77.36%--Oakland, CA
77.07%--Vallejo, CA
77.00%--Queens County, NY
77.00%--Germantown, MD
76.83%--Sacramento, CA
76.76%--Marin City, CA
76.72%--Fairfield, CA
76.50%--Fort Bend County, TX
76.20%--Gwinnett County, GA
75.89%--New York, NY
75.60%--Solano County, CA
75.17%--Gaithersburg, MD
75.00%--Alameda County, CA
75.00%--Pinole, CA
75.00%--Tara Hills, CA

[Crawford]

Asian professionals are just not into DC, at all.

It's interesting that Philly hasn't had the same degree of black flight as Chicago and most other cities.

[dimondpark]

Originally Posted by Crawford

Asian professionals are just not into DC, at all.

It's interesting that Philly hasn't had the same degree of black flight as Chicago and most other cities.

I wonder if housing prices remaining reasonable might have something to do with that? Or maybe gentrification isnt as widespread in predominantly black areas there?

[DCReid]

Originally Posted by Crawford

Asian professionals are just not into DC, at all.

It's interesting that Philly hasn't had the same degree of black flight as Chicago and most other cities.

And how did you determine that stat about Philly? I don't get it.

[Crawford]

Originally Posted by DCReid

And how did you determine that stat about Philly? I don't get it.

The share/number of black residents in Philly proper hasn't plummeted like in most other major U.S. cities. This is generally true in expensive cities like SF and cheap cities like Detroit.

[TempleGuy1000]

Originally Posted by dimondpark

I wonder if housing prices remaining reasonable might have something to do with that? Or maybe gentrification isnt as widespread in predominantly black areas there?

It's probably more housing prices remaining reasonable relative to the places around it. Midwest is real cheap, the Northeast is not. It's more expensive to rent or buy in the suburbs of Philadelphia than it is in the city. That's a commonality that Philadelphia shares with a lot of the rust belt cities. Chicago is the inverse, with the city being generally more on the expensive side. Detroit seems to be kind of it's own story. Consistent long-term economic stagnation has caused many people to seek opportunity elsewhere even if housing costs haven't elevated at the same rate as the other cities that lost a lot of black residents.

[iheartthed]

Originally Posted by Crawford

The share/number of black residents in Philly proper hasn't plummeted like in most other major U.S. cities. This is generally true in expensive cities like SF and cheap cities like Detroit.

Yeah, Philadelphia's black population has remained remarkably stable since the 1970s, while Detroit's started to rapidly plummet after the 2000 census.

Philadelphia Black non-Hispanic pop. per census

1970: 648,887
1980: 633,079
1990: 623,132
2000: 646,476
2010: 643,975
2020: 614,254


Detroit Black non-Hispanic pop. per census

1970: 660,518
1980: 754,512
1990: 775,092
2000: 772,431
2010: 586,725
2020: 493,394

[dimondpark]

I really like the area code angle, I think I will expand on that.

77.47%--718--New York
75.82%--510--Oakland
75.52%--713--Houston
74.01%--562--Long Beach
73.12%--916--Sacramento
72.37%--702--Las Vegas
71.46%--817--Ft Worth
70.86%--650--San Mateo

I also did a deeper dive into the I-80 corridor between Sacramento and Oakland...

Interstate 80 Westbound:
Sacramento, CA 76.83%
West Sacramento, CA 70.51%
Davis, CA 66.67%
Dixon, CA 61.21%
Vacaville, CA 69.54%
Fairfield, CA 76.78%
Suisun City, CA 78.20%
American Canyon, CA 73.84%
Vallejo, CA 77.07%
Crockett, CA 59.95%
Rodeo, CA 77.43%
Hercules, CA 72.51%
Tara Hills, CA 75.00%
Pinole, CA 75.00%
El Sobrante, CA 73.98%
San Pablo, CA 60.00%
Richmond, CA 73.22%
East Richmond Heights, CA 62.51%
El Cerrito, CA 69.62%
Albany, CA 69.62%
Berkeley, CA 70.95%
Emeryville, CA 75.27%
Oakland, CA 77.36%

Total Pop. 2,014,000, 376 sq miles, 80 mile distance
Corridor Diversity Score: 76.48%

I still havent found 80%+ yet.

[iheartthed]

Originally Posted by iheartthed

Yeah, Philadelphia's black population has remained remarkably stable since the 1970s, while Detroit's started to rapidly plummet after the 2000 census.

Philadelphia Black non-Hispanic pop. per census

1970: 648,887
1980: 633,079
1990: 623,132
2000: 646,476
2010: 643,975
2020: 614,254


Detroit Black non-Hispanic pop. per census

1970: 660,518
1980: 754,512
1990: 775,092
2000: 772,431
2010: 586,725
2020: 493,394

On the other hand, San Francisco's black population has been in rapid decline since the 1970s.

SF Black non-Hispanic pop. per census

1970: 95,900
1980: 83,514
1990: 77,464
2000: 59,032
2010: 48,314
2020: 44,572

[JManc]

Originally Posted by Docere

East and Southeast Asia and the Indian Subcontinent - home to 55% of the world's population - are all lumped together as "Asians."

A Korean-Pakistani interaction counts for less than an Italian American interacting with an Argentinian immigrant. Because the Korean and the Pakistani belong to the same "ethnic group" - right?

Because Americans see the world mostly via race or some arbitrary group hence why everyone is lumped together as black, white, hispanic or asian which by no means captures the true diversity of any area. Nigerians, Haitians and black Americans have about as much in common with one another as that Pakistani and Korean. Then there is "Hispanic"...