Posted Oct 3, 2016, 4:24 PM
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Cover story in the October edition of the Globe and Mail’s Report on Business magazine:
Who Killed Stelco?
The steelmaker’s corrosion began decades ago. But it took the combined efforts of Bay Street, Ottawa and U.S. Steel to finish it off
(Report on Business, Bruce Livesay & Nicole Mercury, Sept 29 2016)
As the executives gave their spiel, Tony Clement’s blood began to boil.
It was a cold Ottawa morning in the winter of 2009, and Clement was sitting in a boardroom on the 11th floor of the C.D. Howe Building, a couple of blocks from Parliament Hill. As the Harper government’s newly minted minister of industry, Clement was listening to a couple of managers from U.S. Steel Corp. indicate that they had no intention of upholding their end of a deal with Ottawa, made only two years earlier, that allowed U.S. Steel to take over Stelco, Canada’s iconic steelmaker.
The visiting executives said that brutal conditions in their business gave them no choice but to renege on their commitments to maintain Stelco in robust health.
What ticked off Clement was their cockiness. “I felt they were belligerent. They were waltzing into the office and dictating terms and not looking for any kind of mutually acceptable halfway point,” he recalls. “So I didn’t like their attitude. I didn’t like the way they were treating Canadian workers. I didn’t like the way they were treating our agreement with them.”
So upset was Clement that he soon had his department sue U.S. Steel for walking away from its commitments.
That moment may have marked the lowest point in nearly 20 years of turbulence at Stelco, but it’s hard to say for sure—there have been so many low points. Another came five years later, when U.S. Steel put Stelco into creditor protection under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA). And another came a year later, in 2015, when U.S. Steel walked away from the company altogether, claiming to have lost $2.2 billion on its short-lived Canadian foray—and saying that it wanted its money back.
Today Stelco is a shadow of its former self. In its heyday, it was the largest steel manufacturer in Canada; it employed 26,000 people as of 1981. Stelco now has a head count of barely 2,200, and only a quarter of its Hamilton facility is operating. And once again, the company is up for sale. Or rather, what’s left of it is up for sale, with one offer on the table. As one former executive said of Stelco as of 2015, “There is no company there. It’s a shell.”
The demise of Stelco symbolizes the host of challenges that Canadian manufacturing has struggled with in the last 30 years. Globalization: check. Technological disruption: check. Legacy costs like underfunded pensions: check. Likewise with hollowing-out by foreign owners, wavering public policy, reliance on a cheap dollar, creative repurposing of bankruptcy law and, finally, the opportunistic attentions of distressed-debt investors—Stelco has been rocked by them all.
Many believe U.S. Steel took a sound company, albeit one in a challenged sector, and, when faced with adversity, switched tack and sought to destroy it. This is not just the view from the left. “The Steelworkers union is not exactly a right-wing organization, but they were bang-on,” says Clement, who is now running to succeed Stephen Harper as leader of the federal Conservative Party. “I agreed with them: They were getting shafted. Here I was, a Conservative minister, agreeing with one of the more radical union leaderships in North America…U.S. Steel was being, in my mind, a predatory organization.”
It’s not every day that a Tory and the Steelworkers can agree, but U.S. Steel’s sacking of Stelco makes for one of those times. Despite that consensus, the question remains: How did it come to this? How did a colossus of Canadian industry, the company that made Steeltown, get reduced to remnants?
It turns out there’s lots of blame to go around.
Read it in full here.
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