Quanzhou, abbreviated as "Li" and also known as Licheng and Citong City, is located in the southeast of Fujian Province. It is one of the three central cities of Fujian Province, bordered by Fuzhou and Putian to the north, Xiamen to the south, Taiwan to the east, and Zhangzhou, Longyan, and Sanming to the west. It currently governs four districts of Licheng, Fengze, Luojiang, and Quangang, three county-level cities of Jinjiang, Shishi, and Nan'an, five counties of Huian, Anxi, Yongchun, Dehua, and Jinmen (to be unified), as well as Quanzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone and Quanzhou Taiwan Business Investment Zone. The total land area of the city is 11015 square kilometers (including Kinmen County), with a permanent population of 8.879 million as of the end of 2022. In 2022, the city will achieve a regional gross domestic product (GDP) of 1.210297 trillion yuan.
Quanzhou is surrounded by mountains and faces the sea, with undulating mountains and scattered hills, valleys, and basins. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with more than 10 million acres of mountains and hills accounting for four fifths of the total land area, commonly known as "eight mountains, one water, and one field". Quanzhou has a subtropical maritime monsoon climate with an average annual temperature. It receives abundant rainfall throughout the year, is warm and humid, and has a spring like climate throughout the four seasons. The ancient poem states that Quanzhou is known as the "Warm Mausoleum" due to its "flowers and rain throughout the four seasons, and thunder throughout the winter without snow.
As of the end of 2022, there are 18 full-time universities (excluding Quanzhou Open University), 129 regular high schools, 42 secondary vocational schools (including 10 technical schools), 205 regular junior high schools, 1269 primary schools, 1680 kindergartens, and 10 special education schools. There are a total of 5415 health institutions in the city, including 127 hospitals, 125 township health centers, 41 community health service centers, 13 disease prevention and control centers, 13 maternal and child health hospitals, and 3019 village clinics.
Quanzhou has a long history. In the third year of Yong'an in the Wu Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms (260 AD), Dong'an County was established as the county seat in Fengzhou Town, Nan'an City. During the Tianjian period of the Southern Liang Dynasty (502-519 AD), Nan'an County was established as the county seat, marking the beginning of the establishment of local counties and county seats. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, there were wars in the Central Plains, and a large number of literati from the Central Plains settled along the river in Quanzhong, hence the name Jinjiang. They brought advanced production techniques and cultural knowledge, enabling rapid development on both sides of the Jinjiang River. With the development of the economy and changes in the political system, the administrative division system has undergone several changes. In the first year of the Tang Dynasty's Jiushi era (700 AD), Wurongzhou was established, with its administrative center located in the present-day urban area. In the second year of Tang Jingyun (711 AD), Wurongzhou was renamed Quanzhou. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, administrative inspection areas, special zones, and regions were established. In January 1986, Jinjiang area was abolished and Quanzhou prefecture level city was established.
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