Urumqi, also known as Wushi, formerly known as Dihua, is the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It is located in the northwest region of China, adjacent to Gaochang District of Turpan City to the east of Urumqi and Toksun County of Turpan City to the southeast; South is adjacent to Heshuo County and Hejing County of Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in the Alagou area; To the west are Wujiaqu City and Changji City in Changji Prefecture; It is bordered by the Altay region to the north along the 45 degree latitude line, and is adjacent to Fukang City and Jimsar County in Changji Prefecture to the northeast. The administrative area of the city covers an area of 13788 square kilometers. The permanent population of Urumqi is 4.0824 million (2022). Urumqi is one of the first national pilot cities for cultural and tourism consumption.
Urumqi is surrounded by mountains on three sides, with a terrain that is high in the southeast and low in the northwest. Urumqi is located deep in the hinterland of the mainland and belongs to the arid climate zone of the temperate continental zone, with an average annual precipitation of less than 200 millimeters. Urumqi has Tuha Oilfield in the east, Tarim Oilfield in the south, Zhundong Oilfield in the north and Karamay Oilfield in the west. The underground coal reserves are over 10 billion tons, with a total thickness of 80 meters of coal seams that can be mined. It is known as the "coal city on the oil sea". There are also significant reserves of lake salt, saltpeter, gypsum, oil shale, copper, manganese, and iron ore. The thermal and wind resources are extremely abundant, with the largest wind power plant in western China. Urumqi has been awarded the titles of China's Excellent Tourism City, National Garden City, National Civilized City, National Model City for Ethnic Unity and Progress, and National Model City for Double Support for nine consecutive years. As of 2022, the annual regional gross domestic product (GDP) reached 389.322 billion yuan.
As of the end of 2022, there are a total of 22 regular higher education institutions, 25 secondary vocational education schools, 56 regular high schools, 104 junior high schools, 124 primary schools, 5 special education schools, and 483 kindergartens. By the end of 2022, it has 128 key laboratories of all kinds, including 4 State Key Laboratory, with a total number of 8041 patent licenses. There are 1668 medical and health institutions in the city, including 125 hospitals. Among them, there are 52 public hospitals and 73 private hospitals; There are 1498 primary healthcare institutions, including 26 township health centers, 544 community health service centers (stations), 767 outpatient departments (offices), and 161 village clinics; There are 29 professional public health institutions, including 11 disease prevention and control centers and 10 health supervision centers; There are 16 other health institutions.
Urumqi city has famous "Eight Scenic Spots" such as Hongshan, Jianhu, and Yuewei Caotang, while the suburbs have tourist attractions such as Nanshan Scenic Area and Tianshan Tianchi. Urumqi is a city with a long history. Humans have been living and reproducing here since the Neolithic Age. The earliest person to enter this place was Gu Gu Shi Che Shi Ren. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, this was part of the six states of Dongshi. In 640 AD, the Tang government established Tingzhou at the northern foot of the Tianshan Mountains, which governed 4 counties and was called Luntai County. The large-scale development of Urumqi began in the 20th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1755). Later in the 28th year of the Qianlong reign (1763), the old earthen city was expanded northward, reaching a circumference of five miles and four fen. When it was completed, Qianlong bestowed the name "Dihua" upon it. In 1949, Xinjiang was peacefully liberated and the People's Government of Dihua City was established
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