HomeDiagramsDatabaseMapsForum About
     

Go Back   SkyscraperPage Forum > Discussion Forums > Buildings & Architecture


    50 Hudson Yards in the SkyscraperPage Database

Building Data Page   • Comparison Diagram   • New York Skyscraper Diagram

Map Location
New York Projects & Construction Forum

Reply

 
Thread Tools Display Modes
     
     
  #301  
Old Posted Nov 14, 2016, 2:42 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
Quote:
Originally Posted by Hudson11 View Post
still a supertall, barely. this is the latest information. (Nov 2016)

http://www.hudsonyardsnewyork.com/co...vember2016.pdf


We'll go with whatever they put, though it could change again.
__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #302  
Old Posted Nov 14, 2016, 4:19 PM
Submariner's Avatar
Submariner Submariner is offline
Registered User
 
Join Date: Mar 2013
Posts: 1,341
At this point, HU proper doesn't need another supertall (though I wouldn't cry if something 1600 feet + came about.) It already has a 1300 foot behemoth on site. What it needs is great street-level design that improves the pedestrian experience and gives us something nice to look at.

The shortest tower here will be nearly 800 feet tall. Hudson Yards is going to be a massive, imposing and impressive development. Let's not loose sight of that.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #303  
Old Posted Nov 14, 2016, 10:56 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
It's going to be massive with a lot of MASSIVE towers. I don't think how large these towers are going to be has sunk in on people. But it's the very reason the Hudson Yards district was created - these developers can build office towers with large floorplates. That plays a factor in how tall these towers are, smaller floorplates giving us taller towers. One Vanderbilt will be almost half the size of this one, but will be the taller, more visual landmark. That's because it won't have floorplates as large as this tower, nor will any of the other towers developed in Midtown East.

Another look at the placeholder model, which is more in line with that 985 ft...




https://www.instagram.com/p/BMnHna0BC6B/







https://www.instagram.com/p/BMnA7_llcI2/



https://www.instagram.com/p/BMm7H5bj14g/



https://www.instagram.com/p/BMbU9CGAN7Z/


__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #304  
Old Posted Nov 15, 2016, 3:24 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
BTW, demo permits have been filed and approved for that McD's...


http://a810-bisweb.nyc.gov/bisweb/Jo...ssdocnumber=01

11/03/2016

Quote:
DEMOLITION OF ENTIRE STRUCTURE
__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #305  
Old Posted Nov 22, 2016, 3:12 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-usa...-idUKKBN13H1GJ

Famed Plaza District fades as Manhattan office landscape shifts





By Herbert Lash
November 22, 2016


Quote:
Lower leasing costs, more efficient office space and the hope of projecting an image more appealing to millennials are leading hedge funds and large corporations to leave Manhattan's most-coveted business district for a rejuvenated Downtown and the trendy far West Side.

The construction of gigantic new office buildings that allow tenants to use 20 percent less space is pressuring prices and driving firms like consultants BCG and law firm WilmerHale out of the tony Plaza District in Midtown Manhattan.

In the latest potential blow to the area surrounding the elegant Plaza Hotel - the city's most coveted business address for decades - asset manager BlackRock Inc (BLK.N) is poised to lease 850,000 square feet at a planned 58-story tower at the new Hudson Yards development on the far West Side.

Also spurring the slow exodus is the notion that the area just southeast of Central Park, which includes the Trump Tower on Fifth Avenue, is showing its age and fails to satisfy the city's burgeoning millennial workforce.

Buildings along Park Avenue in the half-square-mile Plaza section of Midtown on average were built in 1960. The area roughly runs from 50th to 59th streets and is bounded by Lexington and Sixth Avenues.

"For large, dynamic companies, these older buildings don't work as well, they just don't," said Bill Montana, senior managing director at New York-based Savills Studley, a unit of global real estate firm Savills Plc (SVS.L).

The new buildings are significantly more efficient and large companies use the space to compete for top talent, Montana said.

Four towers with an average height of 69 stories that are under construction by Related Cos, Brookfield Properties and the Moinian Group at Hudson Yards already are pressuring prices. Five other behemoths have been proposed for the far West Side.


Average leasing rates for 62 "trophy" buildings in Midtown have slid a touch more than 1 percent in October from a post-recession peak last year of $99.43 a square foot, which capped a 33 percent increase since 2009, real estate specialist Jones Lang LaSalle said.

Asking rents for the Plaza District averaged $95.47 a square foot for Class A buildings in the third quarter, compared to $66.05 a square foot for space in the World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan, real estate firm Colliers International (CIGI.TO) said.

BlackRock would like to add a cafeteria and auditorium, amenities that are missing at its two offices across the street from each other on 52nd Street, said a source with knowledge of the real estate search.

The move, which would involve about 2,800 staff, but has not been finalized, is as good or better financially than to stay, the source said. Projected rents for anchor tenants in the Plaza District when BlackRock's leases are up in 2023 are much higher.


A BlackRock spokesman declined to comment.

There is no new, large-scale construction underway in the Plaza District, though landlords have ordered major renovations such as a $325 million makeover at the old Time-Life Building on Sixth Avenue that has been rebranded 1271 Avenue of the Americas.

LEASING RATES FOR 'TROPHY' BUILDINGS SLIP

To be sure, no one is writing the area off. The Plaza still has cachet for many.

"Midtown will always prosper," said Cynthia Wasserberger, a managing director at JLL in New York. "Those landlords have to react a little differently to how they're going to fill the hole left behind."

Earlier this year JLL said almost half the world's 428 hedge funds with at least $1 billion in assets had New York offices.

Of those 208 sites, 94 percent were in Midtown Manhattan, with almost two-thirds located in the Plaza District, JLL said. One marquee hedge fund, Citadel LLC, in February agreed to pay a record $300 a square foot for part of the penthouse at 425 Park Avenue, according to media reports.

Citadel's average rent will be $175 a square foot on average after its other floors are included. Citadel declined to comment.

Still, high-profile names have left or will soon, such as private equity firm KKR's planned move from the Solow Building on West 57th Street, often called the city's most prestigious building, to Hudson Yards. The move is seen as highly symbolic.

The Plaza District has been losing ground for a while. It has been the third-lowest recipient of corporate cross-market relocations in Manhattan since 2011, when leases of more than 50,000 square feet are examined, according to Colliers.

But the Plaza, the city's biggest sub-market, has seen the largest departure of companies that have moved from Midtown, Midtown South or the downtown business centers in the almost six-year period up to mid-September, a Colliers report said.

During that time Midtown lost 30 tenants, a dozen of those from the Plaza, including five that moved to new construction, Colliers said in its "Manhattan Without Borders" report.

A drop-off in leasing demand is particularly apparent in the Plaza District, where the increase in available space surged by almost 4 percentage points in the third quarter to 12.9 percent from a year-ago, according to a recent Savills Studley report.

"There is a very strong base of people who still want to be in the Plaza District, myself included," Montana said. "For a lot of younger people, that's not what they aspire to. So the demand is less for the Plaza District because of building stock and because of change in taste."


__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #306  
Old Posted Nov 28, 2016, 7:32 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
* * * * N E W S F L A S H * * * *


Norman Foster will design this tower (its news to me), which has me feeling good about it. They are currently working on it, Ross says it will be glass and stone.

Also, about 1 million of the 2.7 msf tower already taken. Go about 35 minutes into the video...



Video Link
__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #307  
Old Posted Nov 28, 2016, 10:39 PM
Submariner's Avatar
Submariner Submariner is offline
Registered User
 
Join Date: Mar 2013
Posts: 1,341
They already have a million signed? Plus Foster? Tasty.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #308  
Old Posted Dec 1, 2016, 4:57 PM
TonyNYC TonyNYC is offline
Registered User
 
Join Date: Oct 2013
Location: New York
Posts: 190
Quote:
Originally Posted by Submariner View Post
They already have a million signed? Plus Foster? Tasty.

http://nypost.com/2016/12/01/blackro...-hudson-yards/


Blackrock moving to 50 Hudson Yards!!!


Financial giant BlackRock has settled on 50 Hudson Yards for its new Manhattan headquarters, sources told The Post.

Although both a BlackRock rep and a source at Hudson Yards developer insisted that “nothing is signed,” a different source familiar with the negotiations said, “An announcement might come as early as next week.”

BlackRock is currently based at Park Avenue Tower (65 E. 55th St.) and 40 E. 52nd St., where it has a combined 700,000 square feet.

It has been eying a new home with close to 1 million square feet.

The company would be the anchor tenant of the planned, 2.3 million square-foot 50 Hudson Yards tower on Tenth Avenue between West 33rd and 34th streets — just north of Related’s fast-rising 30 Hudson Yards, where Time Warner and KKR have signed deals to move their headquarters.

The move by BlackRock wouldn’t occur until about 2023, when its current leases are up. But the impending loss from East Midtown of a tenant as important as BlackRock would be yet another blow to the once-premier Midtown office district, which the city is trying to rezone to prevent further defections.

BlackRock, headed by its founder, Laurence D. Fink, is the world’s largest asset manager and oversees over $5 trillion in assets.

After eliminating the World Trade Center as a possible new home, BlackRock has been reported to have had talks with Related Cos. and partner Oxford for 50 Hudson Yards and also with Tishman Speyer for its proposed supertall tower nearby, called The Spiral.

But it’s now settled on 50 Hudson Yards, our sources said.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #309  
Old Posted Dec 1, 2016, 6:23 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
Figured that was the 1 million signed that Ross was talking about. Now bring on Foster!
__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #310  
Old Posted Dec 8, 2016, 2:57 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
http://mobile.nytimes.com/2016/12/08...ww.google.com/

BlackRock Reaches a Deal for a Move to Hudson Yards


By CHARLES V. BAGLI
DECEMBER 8, 2016


Quote:
BlackRock, the giant financial company that manages $5 trillion in assets, reached an agreement on Wednesday to move from a prestigious Park Avenue address to a neighborhood on the Far West Side of Manhattan that was once home to warehouses, rail yards, tenements, dockworkers and teamsters.

The 20-year deal was completed by Related Companies, developer of the Hudson Yards project; BlackRock; and state officials, all three parties said. They declined to say how much it was worth in total. But in return for keeping 2,672 jobs in Manhattan and pledging to create another 700, BlackRock obtained special tax credits from the state worth up to $25 million.

The planned move is only the latest sign that the center of gravity for the city’s corporate elite is shifting westward from Midtown to a new generation of sleek, ever-taller office towers.

BlackRock’s relocation to Hudson Yards also highlights how quickly this change is taking place, compared with other transformative developments: Battery Park City in Lower Manhattan was 40 years in the making, while the redevelopment of Times Square took 30 years to complete. Rebuilding the area around the World Trade Center has been going on for 15 years — and counting.

It has been almost nine years since the Metropolitan Transportation Authority selected Related to develop Hudson Yards, a mix of office towers, residential buildings, cultural institutions, parks and a five-story mall on platforms over the rail yards bound by 10th and 12th Avenues, between 30th and 33rd Streets.

"As mega-projects, both Hudson Yards and Battery Park City are aimed at creating ‘a place’ in a part of Manhattan that had little there, there,” said Lynne B. Sagalyn, a writer and a real estate professor at Columbia University. “Still, Hudson Yards is breaking the speed record for large-scale development in New York.”

The speed is even more remarkable considering that it took two years for the parties to sign a final contract and two more years to begin construction.

But since then, Related has lured 16 companies to its planned towers, mostly from Midtown. They include financial firms like BlackRock, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and Wells Fargo Securities; media companies like Time Warner; and luxury goods makers like Coach and L’Oréal USA, as well as law firms and tech-related companies.

The area’s first office tower, 10 Hudson Yards, opened in May. Four more towers with a total of 8.8 million square feet of commercial space, a hotel, a mall and five residential buildings are under construction or completed at Hudson Yards or on the adjoining blocks. And that is counting only Related’s projects.

“When I first talked about attracting global business leaders across all sectors to the Far West Side, people thought I was nuts,” said Stephen M. Ross, chairman of Related Companies.

The entire project is expected to cost $25 billion and be completed in 2025.

Hudson Yards is not Mr. Ross’s first attempt to remake the cityscape. In 1998, Related and its partner, Time Warner, won a coveted development site on Columbus Circle, where Mr. Ross planned to build what he called “the Rockefeller Center of the 21st century.”

The two companies eventually built Time Warner Center, a two-tower complex that includes a hotel, condominiums, office space, restaurants, retail space and the Jazz at Lincoln Center performing arts complex.

But it was no Rockefeller Center.

Mr. Ross and Related were not going to miss a second chance with the far larger Hudson Yards project. “I saw this as the future of New York,” Mr. Ross said in outlining his expansive vision. “In order to do it, you had to think big about transforming the city.”

For the developer, the challenge was the upfront $2 billion cost of the platforms built over working rail yards.

But Related got plenty of help, both private and public. Related brought in a deep-pocketed partner, Oxford Properties Group, and raised nearly $1.5 billion through the federal EB-5 program, which gives green cards to wealthy foreigners who invest in American projects.

Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg’s administration rezoned the neighborhood for high-rise development, provided hundreds of millions of dollars in property tax breaks, and invested $3 billion in extending the No. 7 subway line from Times Square, building necessary infrastructure and creating a new boulevard between 10th and 11th Avenues.

The state has added its own tax break for BlackRock.

“Given the city’s very generous Hudson Yards property tax discount already in place, it is mysterious why the state would be considering a further subsidy,” said James Parrott, an economist with the Fiscal Policy Institute, a government watchdog. “This could unleash even more unnecessary taxpayer giveaways.”
__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #311  
Old Posted Dec 8, 2016, 5:32 PM
yankeesfan1000 yankeesfan1000 is offline
Registered User
 
Join Date: Aug 2010
Location: 10014
Posts: 1,617
Apparent renderings found by Vertical_Gotham over on YimbyForums, courtesy of Design Boom.

Simple, clean, no complaints here.





Reply With Quote
     
     
  #312  
Old Posted Dec 8, 2016, 5:36 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
http://www.hudsonyardsnewyork.com/work/50-hudson-yards/


Quote:
Located at the northwest corner of 33rd Street and 10th Avenue, and spanning an entire city block, 50 Hudson Yards will be New York City’s fourth largest commercial office tower when completed in 2022. The tower is designed to offer a working environment flooded with natural light and will reinvent the workplace in a way that inspires collaboration and interaction. Designed by Foster + Partners, the LEED Gold-designed, 2.9-million-gross-square-foot building will stand 985 feet tall, provide direct access to the No. 7 Subway and have entrances on Hudson Park & Boulevard and 10th Avenue, as well as both 33rd and 34th Streets.

The tower will offer column-free floors throughout the building, larger floorplates at the base, private sky lobbies, staggering views of the Hudson River and executive valet parking in a private porte-cochère. The white stone and glass-clad façade are designed to accentuate the verticality of the building, while the interior is designed to house large trading and amenity spaces.


http://www.designboom.com/architectu...rk-12-08-2016/

foster + partners reveals plans for 50 hudson yards tower in new york







__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #313  
Old Posted Dec 8, 2016, 5:44 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
I knew Related would put a massive tower on site, but seeing it really brings it home. And to think it will be sandwiched between 30 Hudson and the Spiral.



__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.

Last edited by NYguy; Dec 8, 2016 at 5:56 PM.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #314  
Old Posted Dec 8, 2016, 6:12 PM
SkyscrapersOfNewYork's Avatar
SkyscrapersOfNewYork SkyscrapersOfNewYork is offline
Moderator
 
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: New York City
Posts: 2,523
Nice design, given the proper materials and it will be a modern classic. Now if only we could move 2WTC to this neighborhood then everyone would be happy.
__________________
New York City,The City That Never Sleeps,The Capitol Of The World,The Big Apple,The Empire City,The Melting Pot,The Metropolis,Gotham

Buildings Over 200 Meters 62 Completed 20 Under Construction 50 Proposed 0 On Hold
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #315  
Old Posted Dec 8, 2016, 6:23 PM
Submariner's Avatar
Submariner Submariner is offline
Registered User
 
Join Date: Mar 2013
Posts: 1,341
Meh...a bit underwhelming, to be honest. It's especially disappointing that they couldn't stretch some of that square footage vertically.

Still, it's nice to see another piece of the puzzle come together.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #316  
Old Posted Dec 8, 2016, 6:34 PM
citybooster citybooster is offline
Registered User
 
Join Date: Jun 2015
Posts: 420
Wish it were about a hundred feet taller but still compared to the never ending render changes(including two smaller towers), if this is the final design it looks like a very strong one. I like the base and the feel overall, when will anticipated groundbreaking be?
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #317  
Old Posted Dec 8, 2016, 8:20 PM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
If it were gonna be about the height, then it needed to be at least 1,500 ft. It's too close to 30 Hudson to be anything less. It's bad enough that so many towers in that cluster are in the 1,000 ft range. I want a variety of heights, so 1,000 ft doesn't become the new 700 ft.

Still, it's very impressive what the city has done. The only red flag would be that they have underestimated the demand for the area. In less than a decade, there may be no more space to develop office towers there because so much is being taken up by residential.
__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #318  
Old Posted Dec 9, 2016, 3:18 AM
NYguy's Avatar
NYguy NYguy is offline
New Yorker for life
 
Join Date: Jul 2001
Location: Borough of Jersey
Posts: 51,900
http://rew-online.com/2016/12/08/bla...-hudson-yards/


Quote:
50 Hudson Yards is an upright campus on Manhattan’s West Side, stacking three distinct blocks of commercial space one atop the other. Outlined with pure white stone cladding, each block is separated by the dark banding of the floors behind fully glazed façades. The staggered blocks illustrate the changing scale of the floorplates, with the set-backs creating external terraces that have spectacular views in all directions. The east and west sides of the tower are broken into four-story glass boxes framed by white stone, with glass framing the cityscapes. Accentuating the verticality of the building on the north and south façades, the upright structural elements are also clad in white stone. The building’s peak will be capped by a “halo,” adding a new glow to the New York City skyline when lit at night.

.....The interior design of 50 Hudson Yards is defined by its large, column-free floorplates spanning at least 50,000 square feet throughout the building. One of only a few buildings on Manhattan’s West Side able to accommodate 500-plus people on each floor, 50 Hudson Yards was designed to house large enterprise tenants and trading and amenity spaces as well as smaller companies and organizations.

“50 Hudson Yards is envisaged as a vertical campus in the heart of Manhattan that is eminently readable at city scale with three distinct blocks stacked one above the other,” said Nigel Dancey, Head of Studio for Foster + Partners. “Crafted from a simple palette of white stone and glass, the building’s primary structure has been pushed to the edges to create large-span flexible floorplates. It aspires to define the workplace of the future, bringing to the fore the practice’s values of innovation and creativity by producing a positive work environment that seeks to fulfill the needs and expectations of a demanding workforce.”


Quote:
Blake Hutcheson, President and CEO of Oxford Properties Group, said: “Welcoming BlackRock to Hudson Yards is a milestone bigger than any one building or development. It is a ringing endorsement for Manhattan’s West Side as the epicenter of commerce, culture and community. We believe there is no better tenant to anchor 50 Hudson Yards than BlackRock; and in turn no better location for global leaders than Hudson Yards.”

Rob Goldstein, COO for BlackRock, said: “We’re proud to have our name on the marquee of our future home, 50 Hudson Yards. BlackRock’s roots trace back to eight co-founders with the idea for a technology-driven asset manager based in New York City. More than twenty-five years later, we are thrilled to be participating in one of the most innovative real estate projects in the City’s history. This state-of-the-art building will be equipped with the design, technology and resources to attract and retain the best talent in the industry to serve our clients. The quality of the environment Related and Oxford are creating have made us very excited about putting new roots down in Hudson Yards.”






__________________
NEW YORK is Back!

“Office buildings are our factories – whether for tech, creative or traditional industries we must continue to grow our modern factories to create new jobs,” said United States Senator Chuck Schumer.
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #319  
Old Posted Dec 9, 2016, 3:38 AM
ATLksuGUY's Avatar
ATLksuGUY ATLksuGUY is offline
FriskyDingo
 
Join Date: Sep 2006
Location: Virginia
Posts: 565
Honestly it looks good. Bring it to Atlanta if you dont want it!
Reply With Quote
     
     
  #320  
Old Posted Dec 9, 2016, 9:00 AM
artspook's Avatar
artspook artspook is offline
Registered User
 
Join Date: Jun 2015
Location: manhattan
Posts: 644
Foster knows NYC, all too well . . experience has taught him . .
With 50 HY, he's hidden all his talents beneath a bushel . .
unfortunately, this one will be easily get built . .
without any changes . .
__________________
artSpook
Reply With Quote
     
     
This discussion thread continues

Use the page links to the lower-right to go to the next page for additional posts
 
 
Reply

Go Back   SkyscraperPage Forum > Discussion Forums > Buildings & Architecture
Forum Jump



Forum Jump


All times are GMT. The time now is 9:16 AM.

     
SkyscraperPage.com - Archive - Privacy Statement - Top

Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.7
Copyright ©2000 - 2024, vBulletin Solutions, Inc.