Quote:
Originally Posted by lonewolf
austin sits on like a foot of dirt and then a few hundred feet of limestone. nyc sits on wayyyy more dirt and has granite bedrock. granite is an order of magnitude easier to dig and drill through. and an order of magnitude less expensive.
tldr; if we sat on dirt and granite(like NYC) all our garages would be underground. and we would have a subway too.
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So I'm no geologist, but I think you have it backwards. Limestone is significantly softer than granite, and around here can often be ground or scraped away by fairly standard construction excavation equipment. Granite usually has to be drilled and/or blasted for removal.
New York's main advantage is that granite is more stable and has higher bearing capacity than most limestones so very tall buildings can be supported on relatively shallow caissons where the bedrock is closer to the surface. The Manhattan skyline is practically a 3D diagram of the underlying geology. The tallest buildings in Downtown and Midtown bear on bedrock where it is the shallowest. Other areas have shorter buildings because the cost of deeper foundations are higher, limiting the feasible bearing capacity of taller buildings.
Austin limestone and chalk is great for excavation and tunneling, but because a lot of it is fractured, it carries ground water and is less stable, so foundations and tunnels need to go deeper to more stable layers.