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Posted Sep 17, 2006, 10:08 PM
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Registered User
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Join Date: Feb 2002
Posts: 6,712
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Quote:
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Originally Posted by POLA
^accoriding to that article you just posted, Los Angeles is the 11th most popular city in the country for people to want to live at and our state is number one. how is that bad?
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Because as the 2nd largest city in the US, & one that gets lots of free publicity from the entertainment business, it should be doing a lot better. But it nonetheless ranks surprisingly low, even worse when you average the city's ratings from 1997 to 2006 & then compare it with the averages for San Diego, SF, Chicago or NYC.
And notice how most of the SSPers who've responded to that thread don't even bother to mention LA as being among their top picks. In comparison, a lot of them do list San Diego.
However, I'll admit that what ppl say in a survey & how they actually behave in real life may be 2 different things:
California Residents Decide Golden State is Tarnishing
Housing costs have become too rich for many, making this the most popular state to leave.
By Muhammed El-Hasan
DAILY BREEZE
September 17, 2006
Go west, young man.
Or maybe not.
The popular 19th-century adage urging Americans to move westward in search of new opportunities has been turned on its ear -- at least where California is concerned. The nation's most populous state, a traditional magnet for throngs of daring, ambitious people seeking everything from gold nuggets and great weather to good jobs and Hollywood glamour, now carries an unflattering designation. The Golden State is No. 1 in outward migration of residents to other states, according to the most recent figures provided by the U.S. Census Bureau.
From July 1, 2004, to July 1, 2005, the net flow of residents from California to other states -- those moving to the state minus those leaving -- was negative 239,000 people. That's higher than any other state in the union. California even edged out former No. 1 New York by 7,000 people.
"You think of California as kind of a growing state. And overall, California did gain population," said Robert Bernstein, a Census Bureau spokesman. "But (it was) because a natural increase and immigration from abroad exceeded the loss to other states."
California has been losing residents to other states each year since the period of July 1, 1988, to July 1, 1989, when the outflow began as a trickle. As of last year, the state's outflow was at its highest point since the mid-1990s, when a severe recession and aerospace industry slump drove engineers and other professionals out of California in search of work. Back then, the departures peaked from July 1, 1993, to July 1, 1994, with a net outflow that surpassed 400,000 residents.
But instead of returning to California's historical trend of a positive net inflow of residents, the outflow has continued nonstop. And after a lull of a few years, the net departures again seem to be accelerating. For example, the period from July 1, 2000, to July 1, 2005, saw a net outflow of 664,000 people from California, an average of nearly 133,000 a year. That average is about half of the latest figure.
As a percentage of population, New York still has greater outward migration of residents to other states than does California.
"But that still begs the question: Why are nearly 240,000 people leaving (California)?" said Paul Ong, a demographics expert at the UCLA School of Public Affairs.
The current outflow comes at a time of relative economic strength and moderate job growth in the state. In contrast to the recession of the 1990s, this most recent outflow has been driven mostly by an economic boom. The housing boom has made buying a home or even renting much more expensive than just a few years ago. That has inspired many of the state's residents to eye cheaper homes in other states while giving pause to those considering a move to California.
"California is an extremely expensive place to live, particularly compared to some of the markets close by like Phoenix or Las Vegas, (where) you can get a lot more house for your money," said Steve Cochrane, senior managing director of Moody's Economy.com in Westchester, Pa.
In July, the median price for an existing, single-family detached home in California was $567,360, according to the Los Angeles-based California Association of Realtors. The figure for Torrance was $610,000. For California, Torrance and many other cities statewide, you would have to go back only five years to find prices at half their current value. This has made otherwise robust home appreciation in other parts of the nation look downright meager.
"Look at San Francisco and parts of Los Angeles," Ong said. "If you look at the last decade or so, the people who can afford to stay tend to be better educated and higher income. It's driving out working-class people with children. They're moving to the suburbs. Some of that must spill into moving to other states."
As a result, Los Angeles County saw a net outflow of 154,320 residents to other counties from July 1, 2004, to July 1, 2005, according to the Census Bureau. Ong added that even with the current slowdown in home appreciation, the damage already has been done since the prices have reached a "very high plateau."
California's high cost of living may help explain why about four in 10 Nissan employees followed their jobs out of state when the company's North American sales and marketing headquarters moved from Carson to Nashville over June and July.
So, where are Californians moving to? From 1995 to 2000, the most recent period with available statistics from the Census Bureau, the top destination state was Nevada. Arizona came in second, followed by Texas, Washington state, Oregon, Colorado and Florida. Each of these states had a positive net migration of residents into their borders, according to the latest census figures. Most are relatively close to California. And all are less expensive.
That's good news for Jason Braford, ZipRealty's Las Vegas district director. "We're seeing a continual influx of people from California," Braford said. "The lion's share are people coming in from California."
Home prices, lower taxes, shorter commutes and a burgeoning community in Las Vegas entice many Californians, Braford said. "In California, you can (sell) your $500,000 or $600,000 property, you can come here and usually you get something that's in the $300,000 to $400,000 range and gain in lot size," Braford said.
In addition, people moving from the East Coast and Midwest in search of a warmer climate usually first look either to Los Angeles or Las Vegas, Braford said. But often Las Vegas wins out because of California's higher cost of living, he said.
A survey conducted by UCLA demographers found that most Southern Californians still see this region as attractive. The top three positive elements cited were the weather, economic opportunity and cultural diversity, said Ong, who worked on the survey. "Transportation and traffic emerged as the least attractive aspect of Southern California," Ong said. Pollution, crime and public schools also were viewed as problems.
"We've reached the point where our amenities are being outweighed by some of the perceived costs -- air pollution, crowding, congestion and so forth," Ong said.
In addition to so-called "push" forces such as high home prices that make California seem less hospitable, a big "pull" comes from other states, Economy.com's Cochrane said. "The rate of growth of employment in California is OK, but it's not great. It's average at best," Cochrane said. "There are a lot more fast-growing areas (like) Arizona, Nevada, Colorado, Utah, Washington state. And increasingly, Texas is back on its feet.
"So, for economic reasons, there's a pull from the surrounding region because of employment opportunities, and there's a bit of a push from California because of the expense of staying in California."
Despite California's net loss of residents to other states, in a seeming contradiction, the Golden State remained No. 1 in attracting foreign immigrants, drawing about one in every five entering the U.S., according to Office of Immigration Statistics figures for Oct. 1, 2004 to Sept. 30, 2005, the latest available. Indeed, California's 232,000 foreign newcomers in that period were nearly double that of the second top immigrant magnet, New York.
California's ethnic diversity is a big reason for the attraction despite the high cost of living, Cochrane said. "Migrants go where there's a place to live and where there's a support system," Cochrane said. "And certainly all of California, and L.A. in particular, provide that for migrants in many regions of the world."
Another reason for California's popularity with immigrants is the state's massive economy that offers vast job opportunities, Cochrane said. He added that coastal cities such as Los Angeles traditionally have served as points of entry for foreigners.
California's immigrant inflow plays an especially critical role, given the state's outflow of residents to other states, Cochrane said. Notably, the number of immigrants admitted to the state from Oct. 1, 2004, to Sept. 30, 2005, almost equaled the net loss of residents to other states from July 1, 2004, to July 1, 2005.
California's immigrant infusion appears to effectively nullify the population loss to other states, in terms of numbers.That reality bears heavily on the state's economy, Cochrane said. The pace of economic growth is based partly on the work force's rate of increase. A slow rise in the work force's size could stunt economic expansion by limiting the labor supply. "California depends so much on international migration, particularly to maintain positive (economic) growth," he said.
http://www.brookings.edu/es/urban/livingcities/losangeles.htm
Los Angeles's population growth in the 1990s derived almost entirely from its significant immigration flow, which has made the city among the nation's most racially diverse. Over 40 percent of city residents were born outside the U.S., and Mexico, Central America, and East Asian countries all contribute heavily to the city's workforce. These inflows have made Los Angeles one of the nation's most youthful cities, and explain the large number of families with children who call the city home.
Unfortunately, the economic difficulties that plagued southern California for much of the 1990s seem to have further separated Los Angelenos by race and income. The City and County of Los Angeles lost a significant number of white residents over the decade. Median household income fell precipitously between 1990 and 2000, at a faster rate than in any other Living City. Annual household incomes for the city's blacks and Latinos trail those for whites by large margins, mirroring differences in educational attainment by race. Homeownership in Los Angeles, already low by large-city standards, declined overall in the 1990s.
International migrants continued to arrive in Los Angeles in the 1990s, but other groups left the city and region. Los Angeles added 180,000 new foreign-born residents over the decade, so that by 2000 immigrants accounted for over 40 percent of the city's population—the second-highest presence among the Living Cities. Mexico is by far the most common country of origin for the city's foreign-born, though populations from El Salvador and Guatemala each number over 100,000.
As immigrants grew in number and importance in the 1990s, however, other groups left the city. Most notably, the white population declined by 200,000 in the city, and by 460,000 in the remainder of the county. These population dynamics contributed to separation by race and ethnicity in the region. Los Angeles-Long Beach has the fourth-highest level of segregation between whites and Hispanics among the 100 largest cities in the U.S.
Educational attainment trends point to the emergence of "two economies" in Los Angeles. Just over one-fourth of Los Angeles adults possess a bachelor's degree, somewhat higher than the national average. However, the proportion that has graduated from high school fell slightly between 1990 and 2000—one of only a few cities in which this occurred. This trend reflects not only the scale of Latin American immigration to Los Angeles, but also the location—and relocation—of more educated workers in other parts of the region.
Education statistics by race and ethnicity further suggest that the city is dividing into "two economies" —a high-skill sector in which whites and Asians are disproportionately represented (over 40 percent hold college degrees), and a low-wage sector composed disproportionately of blacks and Latinos (17 percent and 6 percent, respectively, hold college degrees).
Los Angeles's overall economic profile worsened in the 1990s. The effects of economic recession and restructuring in southern California in the early to mid-1990s are revealed in Los Angeles's economic profile in Census 2000. Where manufacturing once played a pivotal role in the region's economic stability, that sector employs fewer than one in seven of the city's workers today. Meanwhile, only six in ten adults participate in the labor force, ranking Los Angeles 80th among the top 100 cities. Median household income in the city fell by nearly 12 percent over the decade, reflecting a drop in middle- and higher-income households and rapid growth in low-to-moderate-income households.
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