Yokohama is clearly separated from Central Tokyo,
Between Shinagawa (south of central Tokyo) and Yokohama station, you have lots residential of medium density suburban areas. It creates a clear distinction.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Yuri
They are, 10023. However they are all inside Inner London. In fact, they are inside the inner part of inner London. That's why London is not understood as a "polycentric city". Neither New York.
West End and Canary Wharf are all "inner London". You can even walk between them. Essen, Düsseldorf and Cologne, on the other hand, have completely different clusters, separated by tens of kilometers of suburbs and industrial plants.
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I agree, it's what I wold call a polycentric central core.
Just like Tokyo has areas Shinjuku, Shibuya, Ueno, Asakusa, Marouncihi/Otemachi/Ginza.... All these different districts forms a larger extended center rather than a single small concentrated downtown.
The City of Paris is also the case of those kind of large extended centre.
Large cities often have polycentric cores. It's why those cities don't have a single pedestrian central area like you would find in other cities.
I think you could accept Canary Wharf (or La Défense) as a separate nodes even if those are still inside the dense area.
The areas between City of London and Canary Wharf quite create a real separation between both. Commercial road isn't very urban.
https://www.google.fr/maps/@51.51325...7i16384!8i8192
Avenue du General de Gaulle between the City of Paris and La Défense is more urban than Commercial road but there is always a kind of psychological barrier.
https://www.google.fr/maps/@48.88172...7i16384!8i8192
What makes London polycentric isn't West End or the City but place like Croydon, Hounslow. But those places over the two or three last decades have lost a lot of attractivity when it comes to office based activities.
Office development in London has been very centralised in Central London and Canary Wharf since the 2000s.