Lanzhou, abbreviated as "Lan" and "Gao", formerly known as Jincheng, is a prefecture level city and provincial capital under the jurisdiction of Gansu Province. It is an important industrial base and comprehensive transportation hub in northwest China, the second largest city in northwest China, an important node city in the Silk Road Economic Belt, and the headquarters of the Western Theater Command Army. Located in the geometric center of China's land map, in the northwest of China and the central part of Gansu Province, it borders Wuwei City and Baiyin City to the north, Dingxi City to the east, and Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture to the south. As of the end of 2022, the permanent population was 4.4153 million. As of May 2023, it has jurisdiction over five districts including Chengguan, Qilihe, Xigu, Anning, and Honggu, three counties including Yongdeng, Yuzhong, and Gaolan, as well as national level Lanzhou New Area, Lanzhou High tech Development Zone, and Lanzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone; The total area of the region is 13100 square kilometers. Has won titles such as "National Civilized City", "National Garden City", "China's Most Attractive Investment City", and "Global Top 100 Innovative Technology Cluster Cities".
Lanzhou is located in the transitional zone from the Qinghai Tibet Plateau to the Loess Plateau, with an elevation of about 1520 meters in the urban area; It belongs to the temperate continental monsoon climate, with no scorching heat in summer and no severe cold in winter, making it a popular summer resort; The domestic water resources are abundant, with the Yellow River and its tributary Huangshui running through the city. In 2022, the city's gross domestic product was 334.35 billion yuan.
As of the end of 2022, there were a total of 2059 medical and health institutions in Lanzhou. As of May 2023, Lanzhou has over 1200 scientific research institutions represented by the Lanzhou Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Modern Physics, the Institute of Chemical Physics, and the Institute of Environment and Engineering in Cold and Arid Regions, as well as 510 Aerospace Science and Technology Institutes. There are also 34 higher education institutions represented by Lanzhou University and Northwest Normal University
Lanzhou has been a transportation hub and military fortress since ancient times, "connecting four regions and leading thousands of miles". It set up a county seat in the Western Han Dynasty, which means "Jincheng Tangchi" and is called Jincheng; At the beginning of the Sui Dynasty, the Lanzhou General Administration was established and renamed Lanzhou. On August 28, 2012, the State Council approved the establishment of Lanzhou New Area, the first national level new area in Northwest China and the fifth in China.
Lanzhou is located at the "crossroads" of Northwest China, and is one of the 9 major logistics regions, 10 major logistics channels, and 21 national logistics node cities in China. It is also a strategic gateway for China's opening up to Central and West Asia and the New Eurasian Continental Bridge. Lanzhou has a long history of Yellow River culture, Silk Road culture, Central Plains culture, and Western Regions culture. As of the end of 2018, there were a total of 29 museums (memorial halls) listed in the national museum directory, including 21 state-owned museums; As of May 2022, there are a total of 10 national key cultural relics protection units (including the Great Wall). As of May 2023, there are two national forest parks, Xinglong Mountain and Turugou, and 38 characteristic tourist attractions such as Wuquan Mountain, Baita Mountain, and Shifogou
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