• The building was constructed as the Third Judicial District Courthouse, and served that purpose from its completion in 1874 to 1945.
• The building was renovated by the New York Public Library from 1961 to 1967, and reopened as the Jefferson Market Library. The NYPL board of trustees voted to close the branch in 1974, but a public outcry made them cancel the closure a month later.
• The library was named after the former Jefferson Market on the site, which preceded the courthouse, opening in 1832. The market was named in honor of former President Thomas Jeffferson, who died a few years before the establishment of the market.
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