Sanmenxia, also known as Shanzhou, is a prefecture level city in Henan Province and the city of swans. It is located in the western part of Henan Province, at the junction of Henan, Shanxi, and Shaanxi provinces. It borders Luoyang to the east, Nanyang to the south, Weinan and Shangluo in Shaanxi to the southwest, and Yuncheng in Shanxi across the Yellow River to the north. As of the end of 2022, 66 types of minerals have been discovered in the city, with a regional GDP of 167.637 billion yuan. As of March 2023, the total area is 9935 square kilometers, with a total population of 2.3085 million, including 2.2765 million permanent residents. It has jurisdiction over 2 districts (Hubin District, Shaanzhou District), 2 cities (Lingbao City, Yima City), 2 counties (Lushi County, Mianchi County), and 61 townships (towns). Was elected as the "2017 China Annual Cultural Influence City".
The topography of Sanmenxia is mainly composed of mountains, hills, and loess plateaus, and is known as the "Five Mountains, Four Tombs, and One Divided River". It belongs to the warm temperate continental monsoon semi-arid climate. As of March 22, 2023, there are a total of 3107 rivers of various sizes in the city, belonging to the two major water systems of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River.
As of October 30, 2022, Sanmenxia has 806 schools of all levels and types (excluding technical schools and universities), 788 basic education schools, 18 secondary vocational education schools, and 313 private education schools. As of the end of 2022, there are a total of 29 provincial-level and above enterprise technology centers, including 1 national level, 8 provincial-level and above engineering research centers, and 57 provincial-level and above engineering technology research centers; There are a total of 1890 health institutions, including 58 hospitals, 1804 primary healthcare institutions, and 23 professional public health institutions.
Around the 21st to 13th centuries BC, Sanmenxia was the central region ruled by the Xia and Shang dynasties; During the Western Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to the states of Jiao and Guo, and during the Spring and Autumn Period, it first belonged to Guo and then to Jin; During the Republic of China period, it first belonged to Yuxi Road and Heluo Road, and later became the 11th Administrative Inspectorate of Henan Province; In March 1957, the State Council approved the establishment of Sanmenxia City, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Henan Province. In 1961, Sanmenxia City was downgraded from a prefecture level city to a county-level city. In 1986, it was re upgraded to a prefecture level city. As of the end of 2022, there are a total of 22 A-level tourist attractions, including 16 4A level or above tourist attractions. Tourist attractions include Huanghe Park in Sanmenxia City and Hanguguan Pass
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