[seismic]

support elements and also the length of a drilling beneath them. Said steel cable's lower end is tied to an anchor-type mechanism that is embedded into the walls of the drilling to prevent it from being uplifted. Said steel cable's top end is tied to a hydraulic pulling mechanism, exerting a continuous uplifting force. The pulling force applied to the steel cable by means of the hydraulic mechanism and the reaction to such pulling from the fixed anchor at the other end of it generate the desired compression in the construction project.

Detailed description of the invention
There follows a detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a three dimensional representation of the present invention's device of a hydraulic tie rod for construction projects.
Figure 2 is a three dimensional representation of a building framework with hydraulic tie rods for construction projects fitted to the framework's vertical support points and also in the drillings beneath them.
Figure 3 shows the forces which are calculated in the static design of construction structures and it also provides an illustration with a candle.
Figure 4 shows the pathogenesis of a building framework column as well as an analysis of the forces acting destructively on the aggregates.
Figure 5 shows a building framework column with its base as well as the proposed structure in order to avoid said pathogenesis problems in case of an earthquake.
Figure 6 shows the proposed holding hoop for the steel cable-passage pipes and the steel-passage pipes inside the columns.
Figure 7 shows a house built without framework as well as the locations for installing the hydraulic tie rods.
Figure 8 shows a suitably configured steel framework for encasing old structures made of timber or other materials and the retrofitting of hydraulic tie rods on them.
Figure 9 shows a water dam as well as the method of installing hydraulic tie rods on it.
Figure 10 shows sections of a floating underwater road as well as the usefulness of fitting hydraulic tie rods to it.

With reference to Figure 1, the hydraulic tie rod (108) comprises two main components, namely, the pressure chamber (1) and the anchor (17), which are connected by a steel cable (2). The pressure chamber (1) comprises an integrated pressure chamber sleeve (8). Inside said sleeve, there is a pressure chamber piston (7) which slides up and down, just like a car engine piston, and is leak-tight to prevent the escape of pressure chamber air (or other fluid) into the internal ring of the pressure chamber sleeve (8). On the inside of said pressure chamber (1), in the centre of it, there is a welded pressure-tight steel cable carrying pipe (11); said steel cable (2) travels through said pipe while the inner part of the hole opening (109) of the pressure chamber piston (7) slides snugly on the external surface of said pipe. A piston terminal ring (6) is integrally mounted (as if one body) on the pressure chamber piston (7) and has two piston safety wire brackets (5) holding in their holes the safety wires (3), said wire brackets being held at the other end by sleeve safety wire brackets (4). Said piston terminal ring has a hole opening (109) through which said steel cable (2) comes out and is then fastened on the piston terminal ring (6) by a cable-fastening cone-shaped wedge (14). Said pressure chamber (1) has a pressure safety valve (9) that opens to release excess pressure from pressure chamber (1). It has also a hole opening with internal threading (10) for the supply of air (or other fluid) through a solenoid connection to the central automated pressure air (or other fluid) replenishment system. It follows, of course, that pressure chamber (1) is hollow internally to be filled with pressure air (or other fluid). The chamber piston (7) is solid and has an internal hole opening (109) in its centre. The steel cable (2) fastened to the terminal ring of the pressure chamber piston (7) once it passes through: (a) the opening of the steel cable receiving pipe (11) in the pressure chamber (7), (b) the steel cable passage pipe (Figure 2 66)), (c) the opening of the metal resistance pipe (Figure 2 (15)) and (d) the anchor sleeve (25), terminates and is fixed with cast metal inside the anchorage piston (26) which becomes a solid unit with the steel cable (2), which bears a knot (Figure 1 (22)) at the lower end of it for improved anchorage inside the anchorage piston (26). The anchorage piston (26) slides up and down inside the inner opening of the anchor sleeve (25). The anchorage piston (26) has integrally mounted on it an anchorage piston terminal ring (21). The anchor sleeve (25) too has mounted on it an anchor sleeve terminal ring (20) and an anchor threading (16) for screwing the metal resistance pipe (15) on to it via a corresponding threading similar to that of said anchor sleeve. Moreover, the anchorage piston (26) has another ring on it called piston rod bearing ring (24), having built-in hoops with holes for connecting it to the rods (27) through connecting ring rod rotary pins (28). The other end of the rod is connected to side blades (18), which also have hoops with holes connected to the anchor rods (27) through connecting side blade rod rotary pins (29). The anchor sleeve, too, has a sleeve rod ring (23), which has hoops with holes so that it can be connected through rods (27) and connecting rotary pins (28) to the side blades (18) embossed with indentations (19) for better anchorage into the drilling walls (31). A building framework can be seen in figure 2 with a lift and integrated hydraulic tie rods for construction projects in operation.

In another preferred embodiment, when the hydraulic tie rod for construction projects is to be used in particularly unstable ground sites, it may be provided with anchors bearing four cross-shaped blades (at 90° to each other) with the corresponding number of rods and connecting rotary pins.

We will now consider the framework construction sequence and the manner in which installation and operation of the hydraulic tie rods is carried out. Once the ground onto which the building structure will rest has been prepared, holes are dug into the ground at the points where the individual bases (36) will be placed. Drilling (31) is carried out inside the holes. The steel cable (2) is integrated onto anchor (17). One end of the steel cable (2) is passed into the hole opening of the metal resistance pipe (15) and said metal pipe (15) is threaded onto anchor (17) via anchor threading (16). Once joined into one body, the bottom part of the anchor (17), together with the resistance pipe (15), is lowered first into the drilling (31). On the top side of said resistance pipe (15) there is mounted a flat steel base to regulate its lowering to the desired level and provide better resistance and propping of the individual base (36) on the metal resistance pipe (15). Then, the steel cable (2) projecting from the metal base of said resistance pipe (15) is progressively fed into the pieces comprising the steel cable carrying pipe (66) while progressively adding more pieces until rooftop slab (33) is reached. When concrete laying of the building framework has been completed, the projecting steel cable (2) is placed in the bottom side of the pressure chamber (1) and passed through the hole opening of the steel cable carrying pipe (11) pushing the steel cable (2) until it goes through the hole opening (109) of the pressure chamber piston terminal ring (7). Once the steel cable (2) emerges from the top of the hole (109), it is guided through the opening of a cone-shaped cable anchoring wedge (14) and the base of pressure chamber (1) is placed over the steel cable carrying pipe (66), and then the steel cable (2) is attached on the pressure chamber piston (7) and pulled up using standard traction equipment. As the steel cable is pulled by the traction equipment the following occur: an upward pull is exerted at the distant end of the steel cable (2) mounted on the anchorage piston (26), the metal resistance pipe is held in place by the concrete foundation of column (36) as does the anchor sleeve (25) which is fastened to the resistance pipe (15) by means of the anchor threading (16) and as a result of the pulling action the anchorage piston (26) sinks into the hole opening of the anchor sleeve (25). During this movement of the anchorage piston (26), the piston rod bearing ring (24) is held in place by the anchorage piston terminal ring (21) and is lifted forcing the anchor rods (27), through the connecting rotary pins, to move vertically upwards; however, piston rods (27) are prevented from being lifted upwards because of the resistance offered by other sleeve rods (27) operating via the same mechanism in a reverse and opposite fashion providing resistance to the action of the piston rods and thus the joint connecting and rotary pin of the side blade rod (29) pushes the support of the side blades (18) towards the walls of the drilling (31) and as a consequence the side blades (18) push on the walls of the drilling (31), which, in turn, retreat slightly thus anchoring the entire system. To remove the traction equipment upon completion of the traction operation, the cone-shaped anchor wedge (14) is