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Posted Feb 19, 2009, 12:34 AM
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Join Date: Jun 2006
Location: San Francisco & Tucson
Posts: 24,088
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Quote:
ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT
FEBRUARY 18, 2009
The Light of Christ Abounds in Oakland's New Cathedral
By DAVID LITTLEJOHN
Oakland, Calif.
California is home to the three most imaginative and successful modern Roman Catholic cathedrals in the country. St. Mary's Cathedral in San Francisco (1971), designed by the Italian engineer/architect Pier Luigi Nervi, and José Rafael Moneo's Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels, which opened in Los Angeles six years ago, have now been joined by Oakland's ingeniously designed and handsomely crafted Cathedral of Christ the Light.
The diocese of Oakland, which now includes more than half a million Catholics, was split off in 1962 from the archdiocese of San Francisco. When the 1893 neo-Gothic brick church the diocese was using as its episcopal seat was damaged by an earthquake in 1989, Bishop John Cummins decided to tear it down and replace it. In 2000, a design competition was held for a new cathedral complex to be built on the shore of Lake Merritt, a 155-acre estuary that serves as the breathing space for what is probably the most ethnically diverse city in the nation.
When the first architect chosen (Santiago Calatrava) withdrew from the project, the job was given to Craig Hartman, the current design star of the San Francisco office of Skidmore Owings & Merrill (SOM/SF). His round, luminous, multilayered new home for 1,300 congregants, the center of an elevated 2½-acre campus, opened to the public last fall, and has been a prime destination for worshipers and tourists ever since.
The cathedral is set atop a gray concrete podium (containing offices, parking, a conference center and a mausoleum) 17 feet above the city streets. Behind it rise pale, standard-issue office buildings. The plaza above the podium is aligned with and merged into the city grid, while the cathedral is angled to match the major axis of the lake and to track the course of the sun.
What appears to be a translucent, truncated cone 135 feet high, like a giant glass lampshade set on a curving concrete base, rises from the plaza. It is made of more than a thousand semiopaque windows set into an elegant steel grid. The upper ends of the vertical steel dividers continue into a crown of aspiring spikes that surround the flat roof.
From the plaza, it becomes clear that the outside walls of the cathedral are two separate, inward-bending segments of a hollowed cone, a pair of tilted arcs that never meet. Where these glass and steel walls stop, they are joined by two 90-foot-tall end walls -- each a layer of triangular aluminum panels inside a layer of glass -- shaped like folded Gothic arches. The southern wall, called the Alpha Window, serves as the entrance to the cathedral. From here, sunlight filters into the nave through slits between slices of silvery metal.
The Omega Window, at the opposite end of the church, contains a computerized enlargement of the benign stone carving of Christ in Majesty (c. 1040) from the Royal Portal of the Cathedral of Chartres. Digital wizards at SOM/SF figured out how to convert this 58-foot-high image into 94,000 punctured holes in the aluminum panels, whose varying diameters admit different degrees of light. The image was chosen by Bishop Allen Vigneron, who succeeded Bishop Cummins in 2003 and has just been named Archbishop of Detroit. In his farewell sermon, he declared, "The face of Christ, the light of Christ, the beauty of Christ are present wherever we go" -- which is certainly true inside the cathedral, thanks to this brilliant 21st-century interpretation of an 11th-century act of faith.
Once inside, facing this benevolent, pixellated image, you are in a totally different world, like the inside of a giant basket or barrel, where curving latticed walls admit constantly changing patterns of light. These interior walls are formed by 26 ribs 110 feet high, each pair filled in with 32 tilting, horizontal slats, like fixed Venetian blinds. All of these pieces are made of curved, laminated and polished beams formed from layers of light-colored, glowing Douglas fir. The interior effect changes from pure wood to pure light as the eye ascends.
Warm, welcoming and domestic, the long curving ribs are more like embracing arms than the stone verticals of the High Gothic and its concrete descendants. The filtered, constantly shifting sunlight is more natural than the jewel-like illumination of stained glass. The curving interior ribs are held in place by a steel tension ring at the top and buttressed by straight wooden beams and steel rods attached to the conical exterior walls. All of these come together around an almond-shaped skylight at the peak, through which daylight is directed toward the freestanding marble altar and the evanescent figure behind it.
I sat through three Sunday Masses, in English, Tagalog and Spanish, in part to share the experience of the friendly congregation, in part to sense the shifting play of light. Rows of luminous lozenges, created by the intersection of light from the vertically etched glass and the horizontal slats of wood, keep changing shape as they move across the walls and pews and the looming image of Christ.
During services held after sundown, electric lights atop the concrete base wall shine horizontally across the nave. Other lights from above shine down on the altar and the Omega Window. The effect from outside then becomes that of a lantern or beacon glowing from the north end of Lake Merritt. A ghostly Christ in Majesty beams over and blesses the city instead of the congregation.
Bishop Vigneron says that he hopes the Cathedral of Christ the Light "will bring a new infusion of ideas into church architecture." It already has, thanks to Craig Hartman and his talented, dedicated team at SOM/SF (notably chief engineer Mark Sarkisian), and to the amiable and productive meeting of the minds between T-square and cross.
Mr. Littlejohn writes for the Journal about West Coast cultural events.
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Source: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB1234...rnal#printMode
Image gallery at http://www.som.com/content.cfm/cathe...rist_the_light
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