Quote:
Originally Posted by Centropolis
yes, i guess its not as common in the u.s. but its entirely possible for a city to be in economic decline while also growing in population.
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It isn't at all uncommon for cities to face migration waves that outstrip their economic capacity; this most frequently happens when their hinterland is being abandoned, regardless of whether or not the city is capable of sustaining the hinterland's population. (This is known as "push factors" in urban studies circles.)
The causes of hinterland abandonment are complex and can range wildly. While agricultural failure is one possible cause, another, more common, cause is restructuring of the agricultural economy -- usually involving large-scale tenant evictions. Perhaps the best-known example of this are the Scottish
Highland and
Lowland clearances, which drove thousands upon thousands of former crofters to Glasgow in particular, an influx the city was economically unable to cope with. Even to this day, Glasgow remains one of Western Europe's poorer major cities with the region suffering an
unusually low life expectancy relative to the UK, Europe, and the developed world a a whole. Similarly, push factors seem to have also controlled urbanization in cities like Dublin or Naples, and are the primary causor of the mushrooming of South Africa's townships and of informal housing all around the world ... Push migration tends to lead to large but poor cities.
It's unusual in the US because the almost-totally-unrestricted immigration that dominated the Victorian and fin-de-siècle eras came to an end in the 1920s, and, even though America's major urban economies had begun to slow down by the end of the period, pull factors also dominated the Great Migration. But for the cities that began to economically slow down first, there was a period when push factors could outweigh pull factors, and St. Louis' unique position made it one of the relatively few cities in the country where this would be indisputably true. (I wonder whether Memphis being another logical push city from Ozark abandonment and Delta land clearances is at root of its stagnancy.)